GoogleTest and CMake

This is a quick recipe for setting up CMake to use googletest in your projects. First, make a tests folder in the root of your project. Then, add add_subdirectory(tests) to your CMakeLists.txt, after you've finished adding the libraries in your project. Note that the way I've written this probably requires CMake 3.4+.

The CMakeLists.txt file in tests should look like this:

set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)

This adds the Threads::Threads target that we can link to, to enable the threading support that GTest requires. On some systems, it is important to use the -pthread flag, so this does that if necessary.

include(ExternalProject)

ExternalProject_Add(
    gtest
    URL http://googletest.googlecode.com/files/gtest-1.7.0.zip
    PREFIX ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/gtest
    URL_MD5 2d6ec8ccdf5c46b05ba54a9fd1d130d7
    INSTALL_COMMAND ""
)

ExternalProject_Get_Property(gtest source_dir binary_dir)

We have to add an external property, to get CMake to download and build GTest for us. We also need to get the source directory and binary directory for use in linking.

add_library(libgtest INTERFACE)
add_dependencies(libgtest gtest)
target_link_libraries(libgtest
    INTERFACE Threads::Threads
              "${binary_dir}/libgtest_main.a"
              "${binary_dir}/libgtest.a")
target_include_directories(libgtest INTERFACE "${source_dir}/include")

Hopefully these lines are familiar to you; they are setting up a special target that we aren't "building", but are using. The target libgtest is simply an interface (no building), and is dependent on gtest (That has to be built first). The link and include commands set up the dependencies so that future target_link_libraries commands only need this target, and will inherit everything else!

enable_testing()

This prepares CTest to handle the tests. You can either run the binaries, or use "make test" to run the tests through CTest's runner program.

file(GLOB test_cases *.cpp)

Or however you want to collect your test cases.

foreach(case_file ${test_cases})
    get_filename_component( case_name ${case_file} NAME_WE )
    set (case_name test_${case_name})
    add_executable(${case_name} ${case_file})
    target_link_libraries(${case_name} libgtest MyLibrary)
    add_test(NAME ${case_name}
             COMMAND ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/${case_name}
             WORKING_DIRECTORY
             ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
             )

endforeach()

Here, we make the tests, doing two things. Setting up the CTest integration is the bulk of the commands above; the main command is the target_link_libraries, which should have your library target (MyLibrary in this example) and the libgtest target. That gets all the includes and links (and defs, if you have those) set on the test targets. That's it!